Demokrasi Digital dan Hak Warga Negara: Peluang serta Tantangan E-Participation di Era Teknologi Informasi dan Globalisasi

Abstract

The development of digital technology is accelerating and becoming increasingly difficult to halt. Various digital innovations have had a significant impact on modern society. One notable example is the emergence of the concept of digital democracy within the context of contemporary democratic governance. Digital transformation has fundamentally influenced the structure and functioning of society, particularly in the implementation of public participation. Whereas public participation was previously conducted through traditional (non-digital) means, advances in digital technology have led to a shift toward electronic participation (e-participation). This study aims to analyze the opportunities and challenges of e-participation in the era of information technology and globalization, with particular emphasis on the fulfillment of citizens' rights. The research employs a normative juridical method using both a statutory approach and a conceptual approach, supported by a review of relevant literature. The research findings indicate that the development of digital technology, information, and globalization has led to the emergence of a new concept known as e-participation, which serves as a form of public participation within the framework of digital democracy. E-participation offers significant opportunities for the fulfillment of citizens' rights, particularly the rights to access information, express opinions, and participate in governance through digital platforms. However, it also presents several challenges, including low levels of digital literacy, the spread of misinformation and hoaxes in digital spaces, and inadequate protection of personal data. Therefore, comprehensive regulations are needed to ensure the security and protection of citizens' rights in the context of digital democracy, promote digital literacy among the public, and strengthen digital infrastructure