Author Guidelines

AUTHOR GUIDELINES

Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Biology and Microbiology (JAPBM) publishes original and high-quality manuscripts in pharmaceutical biology, pharmaceutical microbiology, medicinal plants, natural products, bioactive compounds, microbial biotechnology, antimicrobial agents, microbial quality control, and related pharmaceutical sciences.

Authors must read the Aim and Scope, Publication Ethics, Peer Review Process, Copyright Notice, and Open Access Statement before submitting a manuscript.

1. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

Manuscripts submitted to JAPBM must:

1. Be original and relevant to the Aim and Scope of the journal.
2. Be written in clear academic English.
3. Not have been formally published or simultaneously submitted to another journal.
4. Follow the current JAPBM manuscript template.
5. Be submitted in an editable Microsoft Word DOC or DOCX format.
6. Be prepared for double-anonymous peer review.
7. Comply with applicable research, publication, and intellectual-property ethics.
8. Contain complete and accurate metadata in the OJS submission system.

All submitted manuscripts undergo administrative screening, editorial assessment, similarity checking, and double-anonymous peer review by at least two independent reviewers. Submission does not guarantee acceptance.

2. TYPES OF MANUSCRIPTS

A. Original Research Article

An Original Research Article reports novel experimental, laboratory, field, computational, or applied research.

Recommended maximum length: 6,000 words, excluding the abstract, tables, figure captions, declarations, and references.

The manuscript should normally contain:

• Title
• Abstract
• Keywords
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Results
• Discussion
• Conclusion
• Acknowledgments
• Author Contributions
• Funding Statement
• Ethical Approval
• Conflict of Interest
• Data Availability Statement
• References

Results and Discussion may be combined when scientifically appropriate.

B. Review Article

A Review Article provides a critical, comprehensive, and current synthesis of a scientific topic relevant to JAPBM.

Recommended maximum length: 8,000 words, excluding the abstract, tables, figures, declarations, and references.

The manuscript should explain the review objective, scope, literature sources, selection approach, critical analysis, current knowledge, research gaps, limitations, conclusions, and future directions.

C. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses must use transparent and reproducible methods.

Authors should describe:

• Information sources and databases
• Search strategy and search dates
• Eligibility criteria
• Screening and study-selection procedures
• Data-extraction methods
• Quality or risk-of-bias assessment
• Data-synthesis or statistical methods
• Protocol-registration information, where applicable

The manuscript should follow an appropriate reporting guideline, such as PRISMA. The completed reporting checklist and flow diagram should be uploaded as supplementary files.

D. Short Communication

A Short Communication presents concise but significant preliminary findings, methodological developments, or novel scientific observations.

Recommended maximum length: 3,000 words, excluding the abstract, declarations, and references.

The number of tables, figures, and references should be limited to those necessary to support the principal findings.

3. MANUSCRIPT FORMAT

Authors must use the current JAPBM manuscript template.

Unless otherwise specified in the template, manuscripts should use:

• Paper size: A4
• Margins: 2.5 cm on all sides
• Font: Times New Roman, 12 point
• Line spacing: 1.5
• Page numbering: Continuous
• File format: Microsoft Word DOC or DOCX
• Manuscript language: English

Continuous line numbering is recommended. Avoid decorative formatting, unnecessary footnotes, manual spacing, and the use of spaces or tabs to align text.

4. DOUBLE-ANONYMOUS REVIEW REQUIREMENTS

The manuscript file submitted for review must not contain information that identifies the authors.

Remove the following from the review manuscript:

• Author names and academic titles
• Institutional affiliations
• Email addresses
• ORCID iDs
• Acknowledgments
• Named author-contribution statements
• Self-identifying funding information
• Personal information in document properties
• Author names in the file name
• Identifying comments or tracked changes

Complete author information must be entered separately in the OJS metadata.

After the manuscript is accepted, the editorial office will request or restore the complete authorship, acknowledgment, contribution, and funding information.

5. TITLE

The title must be concise, specific, informative, and representative of the main study.

The title should preferably contain no more than 20 words.

Avoid uncommon abbreviations, formulas, unnecessary geographical details, and statements that are not supported by the study.

6. ABSTRACT

The abstract should contain approximately 200–250 words.

For an Original Research Article, the abstract should briefly present:

• Background or objective
• Methods
• Principal results
• Conclusion

The abstract must be understandable without referring to the main text. It must not contain citations, tables, figures, or unexplained abbreviations.

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses should use an appropriately structured abstract.

7. KEYWORDS

Provide 3–6 keywords in English.

Keywords should:

• Represent the principal concepts of the manuscript.
• Use specific scientific terms.
• Support article discovery and indexing.
• Not merely repeat all words already used in the title.
• Be separated individually in the OJS metadata.

8. INTRODUCTION

The Introduction should:

• Present the scientific background.
• Explain the importance of the topic.
• Identify the research problem or knowledge gap.
• Summarize relevant previous evidence.
• State the objective, research question, or hypothesis clearly.

Avoid an unnecessarily extensive literature review and avoid presenting results or conclusions in the Introduction.

9. MATERIALS AND METHODS

The methods must be described in sufficient detail to permit scientific evaluation and, where possible, replication.

Include the following where applicable:

• Study design
• Study location and period
• Population, samples, organisms, or biological materials
• Sampling and selection procedures
• Inclusion and exclusion criteria
• Materials, chemicals, reagents, and their grades
• Instrument and equipment specifications
• Manufacturer and country
• Experimental procedures
• Positive, negative, and vehicle controls
• Number of biological and technical replicates
• Identification and authentication methods
• Statistical analysis
• Ethical approval and permit information

Established methods should be cited. Any modification to an existing method must be explained clearly.

10. BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS AND SCIENTIFIC IDENTIFICATION

Authors must provide valid and traceable identification for biological materials.

Where applicable, report:

• Scientific name
• Author citation for plant names
• Family
• Collection location and date
• Identification method
• Name and institution of the identifier
• Voucher specimen number
• Microbial strain number
• Culture-collection information
• Accession number
• GenBank or other sequence-database number
• Collection or transfer permits

Scientific names of genera and species must be italicized. Write the full scientific name at first mention and use an abbreviated genus name in subsequent mentions where unambiguous.

11. RESULTS

Results must be presented clearly, accurately, and logically.

Authors should:

• Report findings relevant to the study objective.
• Avoid unnecessary repetition between text, tables, and figures.
• Present measures of variation and uncertainty.
• Report exact p-values where appropriate.
• Distinguish biological replicates from technical replicates.
• Avoid interpreting results extensively in this section unless Results and Discussion are combined.

Raw observations should not be presented as generalized conclusions.

12. DISCUSSION

The Discussion should:

• Interpret the principal findings.
• Explain their scientific importance.
• Compare the findings with relevant previous studies.
• Discuss possible mechanisms.
• Explain similarities or differences from previous evidence.
• Identify the strengths and limitations of the study.
• Avoid unsupported claims and excessive generalization.

The Discussion should not merely repeat the Results.

13. CONCLUSION

The Conclusion must directly answer the study objective and summarize the principal scientific contribution.

It should be concise and supported by the results.

Recommendations and future directions may be included when justified by the findings.

14. TABLES

Tables must:

• Be numbered consecutively using Arabic numerals.
• Be cited in numerical order in the manuscript.
• Have a concise and informative title.
• Be submitted as editable tables rather than images.
• Include explanatory notes where necessary.
• Define all abbreviations in the table notes.
• Use consistent units and decimal places.
• Avoid duplicating information already presented in figures or text.

15. FIGURES AND SCIENTIFIC IMAGES

Figures must be numbered consecutively and cited in the text.

Each figure must have a clear and self-explanatory caption.

Figures may include graphs, photographs, microscopy images, chromatograms, spectra, electrophoretic images, chemical structures, maps, and scientific illustrations.

High-resolution files may be uploaded separately under the Image/Figure submission component.

Digital image adjustments must not alter, obscure, remove, move, or fabricate scientific information. Composite images must clearly show the boundaries between panels.

The journal may request original and unprocessed image files.

16. UNITS, SYMBOLS, AND ABBREVIATIONS

Use the International System of Units.

Insert a space between a numerical value and its unit, except where scientific convention requires otherwise.

Define non-standard abbreviations at first use. Avoid unnecessary abbreviations.

Chemical names, microbial nomenclature, gene symbols, and pharmaceutical terminology must follow recognized scientific conventions.

17. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

Authors must describe:

• Statistical software and version
• Statistical tests
• Significance level
• Assumption testing
• Sample size
• Number of replicates
• Treatment of missing or excluded data
• Measures of variation
• Confidence intervals, where appropriate

Do not use statistical significance as the sole basis for scientific interpretation.

18. RESEARCH ETHICS

Research involving human participants, identifiable human data, animals, microorganisms, biological materials, biodiversity resources, or regulated substances must comply with applicable ethical, legal, institutional, biosafety, and biosecurity requirements.

Authors must report, where applicable:

• Name of the ethics committee
• Ethical approval or exemption number
• Approval date
• Informed-consent procedure
• Clinical-trial registration
• Animal-welfare approval
• Biosafety approval
• Collection permit
• Material-transfer permit
• Access and benefit-sharing requirements

Identifiable participant information must not be published without valid consent.

19. AUTHORSHIP

Authorship must be limited to individuals who have made substantial contributions to the research and manuscript.

All authors must:

• Contribute substantially to the conception, design, investigation, analysis, or interpretation of the study.
• Participate in drafting or critically revising the manuscript.
• Approve the final version.
• Agree to be accountable for the integrity of the work.

Guest authorship, gift authorship, and ghost authorship are prohibited.

Individuals who contributed but do not meet the authorship requirements should be acknowledged with their permission.

20. AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS

Authors should provide a contribution statement, preferably using the CRediT contributor roles.

Possible roles include:

• Conceptualization
• Methodology
• Investigation
• Data curation
• Formal analysis
• Validation
• Visualization
• Writing—original draft
• Writing—review and editing
• Supervision
• Project administration
• Funding acquisition

21. AUTHOR INFORMATION AND ORCID

The following information must be entered accurately in OJS for every author:

• Full name
• Institutional affiliation
• Department or study program
• City and country
• Active email address
• ORCID iD, where available
• Author contribution
• Corresponding-author status

The order of authors in OJS must be identical to the order in the final manuscript.

22. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The Acknowledgments section may identify individuals, institutions, laboratories, technical personnel, or other parties who contributed to the work but do not qualify for authorship.

Permission should be obtained before naming an individual in the Acknowledgments.

Acknowledgments must be removed from the anonymized review manuscript.

23. FUNDING STATEMENT

All financial and institutional support must be disclosed.

Include:

• Funder name
• Grant or contract number
• Recipient of the funding
• Role of the funder, where relevant

When no specific funding was received, state:

“This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.”

24. CONFLICT OF INTEREST

Authors must disclose financial and non-financial interests that could influence, or reasonably appear to influence, the research.

When no conflict exists, state:

“The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.”

When a potential conflict exists, describe it clearly.

25. DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT

Every manuscript must contain a Data Availability Statement.

Examples include:

“The data supporting the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.”

“The data supporting this study are available in [repository name] at [persistent identifier].”

“All relevant data are included in the article and its supplementary files.”

Restrictions based on privacy, confidentiality, ethics, biodiversity protection, intellectual property, or law must be explained.

26. USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Artificial intelligence tools cannot be listed as authors.

Human authors remain fully responsible for the accuracy, originality, integrity, references, confidentiality, and ethical compliance of the manuscript.

Substantive use of generative artificial intelligence in writing, translation, coding, image generation, data processing, or analysis must be disclosed in the Methods, Acknowledgments, or another appropriate section.

Artificial intelligence must not be used to fabricate data, references, images, participants, methods, or results.

All AI-assisted content must be independently verified by the authors.

27. REFERENCES

JAPBM uses the Vancouver numbered reference style.

References must:

• Be numbered consecutively in the order first cited.
• Use Arabic numbers in square brackets.
• Use the same number for repeated citations.
• Be accurate and traceable to the original source.
• Include DOI numbers where available.
• Prefer current and relevant primary literature.
• Avoid excessive self-citation and irrelevant citations.
• Be entered individually in the OJS References metadata field.

Examples:

Journal article:

Author AA, Author BB, Author CC. Title of the article. Abbreviated Journal Title. Year;volume(issue):page–page. doi:xx.xxxx/xxxxx.

Journal article with article number:

Author AA, Author BB. Title of the article. Journal Title. Year;volume:article number. doi:xx.xxxx/xxxxx.

Book:

Author AA. Title of the book. Edition. City: Publisher; Year.

Book chapter:

Author AA. Title of chapter. In: Editor AA, Editor BB, editors. Title of book. Edition. City: Publisher; Year. p. xx–xx.

Website:

Organization or Author. Title of page. Year [cited Year Month Day]. Available from: URL.

Authors are responsible for verifying every reference.

28. SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL

Supplementary files may include:

• Additional tables and figures
• Detailed methods
• Reporting checklists
• Data sets
• Research instruments
• Statistical syntax
• Analytical files
• Multimedia
• Ethical documents
• Other supporting materials

Each supplementary file must have a clear title and be cited in the manuscript where appropriate.

Confidential or identifiable information must not be included unnecessarily.

29. ORIGINALITY AND SIMILARITY CHECKING

Submitted manuscripts may be examined using similarity-detection software.

JAPBM does not make decisions solely on the basis of a numerical similarity percentage. Editors evaluate the nature, extent, source, location, and context of overlapping material.

Plagiarism, duplicate publication, inappropriate text recycling, fabrication, falsification, and other forms of research misconduct are prohibited.

30. PREPRINTS AND PREVIOUS DISSEMINATION

Authors must disclose whether the manuscript, data, or substantial parts of the work have previously appeared as:

• A preprint
• A thesis or dissertation
• A conference abstract
• A research report
• A repository document
• Another publicly accessible version

Previous dissemination does not automatically prevent consideration, but it must be disclosed transparently.

31. SUBMISSION PROCESS

Authors must register and log in to the JAPBM website.

During submission, authors must:

1. Select the appropriate article section.
2. Confirm the Submission Preparation Checklist.
3. Upload the anonymized manuscript.
4. Upload supplementary and ethical documents where applicable.
5. Enter complete title, abstract, keywords, author, funding, and reference metadata.
6. Review all information before completing the submission.

The corresponding author is responsible for all communication with the journal.

32. MANUSCRIPT REVISION

Authors invited to revise a manuscript must upload:

• A clean revised manuscript.
• A version showing changes when requested.
• A detailed point-by-point response to every editor and reviewer comment.
• Updated supporting files and metadata where applicable.

Each response should explain the change made and identify the relevant page, section, paragraph, or line.

When a recommendation is not followed, authors must provide a clear scientific justification.

33. PROOFREADING

The corresponding author will receive the final proof before publication.

Proof corrections should be limited to:

• Typographical errors
• Production errors
• Minor factual corrections
• Formatting inconsistencies

Major changes to authorship, data, analysis, interpretation, or conclusions are not normally permitted after acceptance without editorial approval.

34. COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Copyright remains with the authors.

Authors grant JAPBM the non-exclusive right of first publication.

Published articles are distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), subject to the journal’s Copyright Notice and Open Access Statement.

35. EDITORIAL DECISION

The final decision is made by the Editor-in-Chief or authorized editor.

Possible decisions include:

• Accept Submission
• Revisions Required
• Resubmit for Review
• Resubmit Elsewhere
• Decline Submission

Reviewer recommendations are advisory. The editor remains responsible for the final decision.

36. FINAL AUTHOR RESPONSIBILITY

Before completing submission, authors must ensure that:

• The manuscript is complete and scientifically accurate.
• All authors have approved the submission.
• Author information in OJS is correct.
• Ethical requirements have been fulfilled.
• Funding and conflicts of interest have been disclosed.
• References have been verified.
• Tables, figures, and supporting files are complete.
• The manuscript follows the JAPBM template and Author Guidelines. /

 

PEDOMAN PENULIS

Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Biology and Microbiology (JAPBM) menerbitkan naskah asli dan berkualitas dalam bidang biologi farmasi, mikrobiologi farmasi, tanaman obat, bahan alam, senyawa bioaktif, bioteknologi mikroba, agen antimikroba, pengawasan mutu mikrobiologi, serta ilmu kefarmasian terkait.

Penulis wajib membaca Tujuan dan Ruang Lingkup, Etika Publikasi, Proses Penelaahan Sejawat, Pemberitahuan Hak Cipta, dan Pernyataan Akses Terbuka sebelum mengirimkan naskah.

1. PERSYARATAN UMUM

Naskah yang dikirimkan ke JAPBM harus:

1. Bersifat asli dan sesuai dengan Tujuan dan Ruang Lingkup jurnal.
2. Ditulis dalam bahasa Inggris akademik yang jelas.
3. Belum pernah diterbitkan secara formal dan tidak sedang dipertimbangkan jurnal lain.
4. Menggunakan templat JAPBM terbaru.
5. Dikirim dalam format Microsoft Word DOC atau DOCX yang dapat diedit.
6. Disiapkan untuk penelaahan sejawat anonim ganda.
7. Mematuhi etika penelitian, publikasi, dan kekayaan intelektual.
8. Dilengkapi metadata yang benar dan lengkap dalam sistem OJS.

Seluruh naskah melalui pemeriksaan administratif, evaluasi editor, pemeriksaan kemiripan, dan penelaahan anonim ganda oleh sekurang-kurangnya dua mitra bestari independen. Pengiriman naskah tidak menjamin penerimaan.

2. JENIS NASKAH

A. Artikel Penelitian Asli

Artikel penelitian asli melaporkan penelitian eksperimen, laboratorium, lapangan, komputasi, atau penelitian terapan yang memiliki kebaruan.

Panjang yang disarankan paling banyak 6.000 kata, tidak termasuk abstrak, tabel, keterangan gambar, deklarasi, dan daftar pustaka.

Struktur artikel meliputi:

• Judul
• Abstrak
• Kata kunci
• Pendahuluan
• Bahan dan Metode
• Hasil
• Pembahasan
• Kesimpulan
• Ucapan Terima Kasih
• Kontribusi Penulis
• Pendanaan
• Persetujuan Etik
• Konflik Kepentingan
• Pernyataan Ketersediaan Data
• Daftar Pustaka

B. Artikel Tinjauan

Artikel tinjauan memberikan sintesis yang kritis, komprehensif, dan mutakhir mengenai topik yang sesuai dengan ruang lingkup JAPBM.

Panjang yang disarankan paling banyak 8.000 kata, tidak termasuk abstrak, tabel, gambar, deklarasi, dan referensi.

C. Tinjauan Sistematis dan Meta-Analisis

Tinjauan sistematis dan meta-analisis harus menggunakan metode pencarian, seleksi, penilaian kualitas, dan sintesis data yang transparan serta dapat direplikasi.

Naskah harus mengikuti pedoman pelaporan yang sesuai, seperti PRISMA. Checklist dan diagram alir harus diunggah sebagai materi tambahan.

D. Komunikasi Singkat

Komunikasi singkat menyajikan temuan pendahuluan, pengembangan metode, atau pengamatan ilmiah baru secara ringkas.

Panjang yang disarankan paling banyak 3.000 kata dengan jumlah tabel, gambar, dan referensi yang terbatas.

3. FORMAT NASKAH

Penulis wajib menggunakan templat JAPBM terbaru.

Apabila tidak ditentukan secara khusus dalam templat, gunakan:

• Ukuran kertas A4
• Margin 2,5 cm
• Times New Roman 12 poin
• Spasi 1,5
• Nomor halaman berkelanjutan
• Format DOC atau DOCX
• Bahasa Inggris

Penomoran baris berkelanjutan disarankan.

4. NASKAH ANONIM

Berkas naskah untuk penelaahan tidak boleh memuat informasi yang mengungkapkan identitas penulis.

Hapus:

• Nama dan gelar penulis
• Afiliasi
• Alamat email
• ORCID iD
• Ucapan terima kasih
• Kontribusi penulis yang memuat nama
• Informasi pendanaan yang mengungkap identitas
• Metadata dokumen
• Nama penulis pada nama berkas
• Komentar atau Track Changes yang memuat identitas

Identitas lengkap seluruh penulis dimasukkan melalui metadata OJS.

5. JUDUL, ABSTRAK, DAN KATA KUNCI

Judul harus ringkas, spesifik, informatif, dan sebaiknya tidak lebih dari 20 kata.

Abstrak terdiri atas sekitar 200–250 kata dan memuat tujuan, metode, hasil utama, serta kesimpulan. Abstrak tidak boleh memuat sitasi, tabel, gambar, atau singkatan yang tidak dijelaskan.

Cantumkan 3–6 kata kunci dalam bahasa Inggris. Kata kunci harus mewakili konsep utama penelitian dan tidak sekadar mengulang judul.

6. PENDAHULUAN

Pendahuluan harus menjelaskan latar belakang ilmiah, arti penting penelitian, kesenjangan pengetahuan, bukti terdahulu yang relevan, serta tujuan atau hipotesis penelitian.

7. BAHAN DAN METODE

Metode harus dijelaskan secara memadai agar dapat dinilai dan direplikasi.

Cantumkan apabila relevan:

• Desain penelitian
• Lokasi dan periode penelitian
• Populasi, sampel, organisme, atau bahan biologis
• Teknik pengambilan sampel
• Bahan, reagen, alat, produsen, dan negara
• Prosedur eksperimen
• Kontrol penelitian
• Replikasi biologis dan teknis
• Identifikasi dan autentikasi bahan
• Analisis statistik
• Persetujuan etik dan izin penelitian

8. IDENTIFIKASI BAHAN BIOLOGIS

Penulis harus mencantumkan identitas bahan biologis secara valid dan dapat dilacak.

Informasi dapat meliputi nama ilmiah, famili, lokasi dan tanggal koleksi, metode identifikasi, nama pengidentifikasi, nomor spesimen voucher, nomor galur, koleksi kultur, nomor akses, atau nomor basis data sekuens.

Nama genus dan spesies ditulis miring.

9. HASIL, PEMBAHASAN, DAN KESIMPULAN

Hasil harus disajikan secara jelas, akurat, dan logis tanpa pengulangan berlebihan antara teks, tabel, dan gambar.

Pembahasan harus menginterpretasikan temuan, membandingkannya dengan penelitian terdahulu, menjelaskan makna ilmiah, serta menyampaikan kekuatan dan keterbatasan penelitian.

Kesimpulan harus menjawab tujuan penelitian dan didukung oleh hasil.

10. TABEL DAN GAMBAR

Tabel dan gambar diberi nomor secara berurutan dan harus disebutkan dalam teks.

Tabel harus dapat diedit dan tidak dikirim sebagai gambar.

Gambar harus memiliki resolusi yang memadai. Penyesuaian digital tidak boleh menghilangkan, memindahkan, menambahkan, atau memalsukan informasi ilmiah.

Jurnal dapat meminta berkas gambar asli yang belum diproses.

11. ANALISIS STATISTIK

Cantumkan perangkat lunak dan versi, uji statistik, tingkat kemaknaan, asumsi, ukuran sampel, jumlah replikasi, penanganan data hilang, ukuran variasi, dan interval kepercayaan apabila relevan.

12. ETIKA PENELITIAN

Penelitian yang melibatkan manusia, hewan, mikroorganisme, bahan biologis, sumber daya biodiversitas, atau bahan yang diatur harus memenuhi ketentuan etik, hukum, biosafety, dan biosecurity.

Cantumkan apabila relevan:

• Nama komite etik
• Nomor persetujuan etik
• Informed consent
• Registrasi uji klinis
• Persetujuan penggunaan hewan
• Izin biosafety
• Izin koleksi
• Izin transfer material
• Ketentuan akses dan pembagian manfaat

13. KEPENGARANGAN DAN KONTRIBUSI

Penulis harus memberikan kontribusi substantif terhadap penelitian dan naskah, menyetujui versi akhir, serta bersedia bertanggung jawab terhadap integritas karya.

Guest authorship, gift authorship, dan ghost authorship dilarang.

Kontribusi penulis sebaiknya dijelaskan menggunakan peran CRediT.

14. INFORMASI PENULIS

Informasi berikut harus dimasukkan secara benar dalam OJS:

• Nama lengkap
• Afiliasi
• Departemen atau program studi
• Kota dan negara
• Email aktif
• ORCID iD apabila tersedia
• Kontribusi penulis
• Status penulis korespondensi

Urutan penulis dalam OJS harus sama dengan urutan pada naskah final.

15. PENDANAAN DAN KONFLIK KEPENTINGAN

Seluruh dukungan finansial dan institusional harus diungkapkan, termasuk nama pemberi dana serta nomor hibah atau kontrak.

Apabila tidak terdapat konflik kepentingan, gunakan pernyataan:

“The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.”

16. KETERSEDIAAN DATA

Setiap naskah harus memiliki Pernyataan Ketersediaan Data.

Penulis harus menjelaskan tempat dan persyaratan untuk memperoleh data pendukung. Pembatasan karena privasi, kerahasiaan, etik, biodiversitas, kekayaan intelektual, atau hukum harus dijelaskan.

17. PENGGUNAAN KECERDASAN ARTIFISIAL

Perangkat kecerdasan artifisial tidak dapat dicantumkan sebagai penulis.

Penulis manusia tetap bertanggung jawab atas akurasi, orisinalitas, integritas, referensi, kerahasiaan, dan kepatuhan etik.

Penggunaan AI generatif secara substantif harus diungkapkan. AI tidak boleh digunakan untuk membuat data, referensi, gambar, metode, peserta, atau hasil palsu.

18. DAFTAR PUSTAKA

JAPBM menggunakan gaya Vancouver bernomor.

Referensi harus:

• Diberi nomor sesuai urutan pertama kali dikutip.
• Menggunakan angka Arab dalam kurung siku.
• Menggunakan nomor yang sama untuk kutipan berulang.
• Memuat DOI apabila tersedia.
• Relevan, akurat, dan dapat dilacak.
• Mengutamakan sumber primer dan mutakhir.
• Dimasukkan satu per satu dalam metadata Referensi OJS.

Penulis bertanggung jawab memeriksa keakuratan seluruh referensi.

19. MATERI TAMBAHAN

Materi tambahan dapat berupa tabel, gambar, metode rinci, checklist pelaporan, data, instrumen penelitian, syntax statistik, berkas analisis, multimedia, atau dokumen etik.

Setiap berkas harus diberi nama yang jelas dan disebutkan dalam naskah apabila relevan.

20. ORISINALITAS DAN PEMERIKSAAN KEMIRIPAN

Naskah dapat diperiksa menggunakan perangkat pendeteksi kemiripan.

Keputusan tidak hanya didasarkan pada angka persentase kemiripan, tetapi juga pada sumber, luas, lokasi, dan konteks materi yang tumpang tindih.

Plagiarisme, publikasi ganda, daur ulang teks yang tidak tepat, fabrikasi, falsifikasi, dan pelanggaran integritas lainnya dilarang.

21. PROSES PENGIRIMAN

Penulis harus mendaftar dan masuk ke situs JAPBM.

Penulis kemudian:

1. Memilih bagian artikel yang sesuai.
2. Menyetujui Submission Preparation Checklist.
3. Mengunggah naskah anonim.
4. Mengunggah materi tambahan dan dokumen etik.
5. Mengisi judul, abstrak, kata kunci, informasi penulis, pendanaan, dan referensi.
6. Memeriksa seluruh informasi sebelum menyelesaikan pengiriman.

22. PENGIRIMAN REVISI

Naskah revisi harus disertai:

• Naskah revisi bersih
• Naskah dengan penanda perubahan apabila diminta
• Jawaban terperinci terhadap komentar editor dan mitra bestari
• Berkas pendukung dan metadata yang diperbarui

Setiap jawaban harus menjelaskan perubahan serta menunjukkan halaman, bagian, paragraf, atau baris yang relevan.

23. PROOFREADING

Penulis korespondensi bertanggung jawab memeriksa proof akhir.

Perubahan pada tahap ini dibatasi pada kesalahan produksi, tipografi, format, atau fakta minor. Perubahan besar terhadap data, analisis, kesimpulan, atau kepengarangan memerlukan persetujuan editor.

24. HAK CIPTA DAN LISENSI

Hak cipta tetap dimiliki oleh penulis.

Penulis memberikan hak penerbitan pertama secara non-eksklusif kepada JAPBM.

Artikel didistribusikan berdasarkan Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License atau CC BY 4.0.

25. TANGGUNG JAWAB AKHIR PENULIS

Sebelum menyelesaikan pengiriman, penulis harus memastikan bahwa:

• Naskah telah lengkap dan akurat.
• Seluruh penulis telah menyetujui pengiriman.
• Metadata penulis telah benar.
• Ketentuan etik telah dipenuhi.
• Pendanaan dan konflik kepentingan telah diungkapkan.
• Referensi telah diperiksa.
• Tabel, gambar, dan berkas pendukung telah lengkap.
• Naskah mengikuti templat dan Pedoman Penulis JAPBM.