Author Guidelines

Type here your title, Book Antiqua 16, centered, or simply replace this text by text

Author ^1,*, Author²<full given name>, centered, Book Antiqua 12

¹ University name / institution / research study / company, Address, Country, italic, Book Antiqua 7 .

² University name / institution / research study / company, Address, Country, italic, Book Antiqua 7 .

* Corresponding author : [email protected] [email of the corresponding author]

Tel.:+81-72-867-1686; fax: +81-72-867-1658 [Tel./fax of the corresponding author]

Received: Oct 1, 2025; Accepted: Nov 20, 2025.

DOI: 10.24273/J. APP.GEOL.GEOSC.2025.1.2.001

Abstract

This manuscript presents formatting instructions for authors preparing papers for the  Applied Geology And Geoscience, Department of Geological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram. All manuscripts must be written in English and formatted using Book Antiqua font throughout the text. The manuscript title should be written in uppercase letters with a font size of 16 points. Authors’ names must also be written in uppercase letters using a 12-point font size, while the institutional affiliation should be written in italic with a font size of 7 points.

The heading “Abstract” must be left-aligned, written in bold, and formatted in 8-point font size, followed by a paragraph spacing of 6 points. The abstract should concisely summarize the objectives, scope, methods, main results, and conclusions of the study, with a maximum length of 300 words. The abstract text must be justified, written in 8-point font size, and formatted with single line spacing. Keywords should be written in italic, separated by commas (,), and limited to a maximum of six words.

For additional information or technical assistance, authors are encouraged to contact the journal editorial secretariat or refer to any further correspondence provided for manuscript submission.

Keywords: Paper, jnrag, Universitas muhammadiyah mataram, Abstract

1. Introduction

Authors are required to prepare their manuscripts by using this template directly and replacing the sample text with their own content. All formatting instructions provided in this document must be followed strictly. Only the predefined styles indicated in square brackets may be used; the application of any additional formatting or custom styles is not permitted.

Manuscripts must be formatted on A4 paper (210 × 297 mm) with margins set to 30 mm on the left, 20 mm on the top, 20 mm on the bottom, and 20 mm on the right. All text, figures, and tables must remain within the prescribed type area.

The manuscript should be structured in the following order: title, authors, affiliations, abstract, keywords, main text, acknowledgements, appendix, nomenclature, and references. Sections shown in parentheses are optional. The maximum length of submissions to the  Applied Geology And Geoscience (JNRAG) is 10 printed pages for original research articles and 15 printed pages for review articles.

Page numbers must not be included, and headers or footers should not be added. The prescribed font for the manuscript is Book Antiqua, 9-point size, with single line spacing. In manuscripts containing complex mathematical expressions or chemical formulae, line spacing may be adjusted where necessary to maintain clarity. All running text must be fully justified.

Section Headings

The formatting of chapter titles and section headings must strictly follow the styles demonstrated in this template. Level 1 headings should be formatted using Book Antiqua, 9-point font size, bold, with 6-point spacing before and after the heading. Subsequent heading levels should be formatted using Times New Roman, 8-point font size, bold, with 6-point spacing before the heading and no spacing after.

Authors should avoid placing a new section heading at the bottom of a page. If there is insufficient space for the heading and the accompanying text, the heading must be moved to the top of the following page.

References and Citations

Authors should cite only the key scientific publications that directly underpin the study. All cited works must have been read by the authors and must be relevant to the manuscript. The reference list should not be unnecessarily expanded. Excessive self-citation and repeated citation of publications originating from the same geographical region should be avoided. Each reference must be carefully verified against the original source, including author names, publication year, volume, issue, and DOI.

The use of reference management software such as EndNote, Mendeley, or Zotero is strongly recommended to ensure consistency and accuracy. Previously published articles in the  Applied Geology And Geoscience should be consulted as formatting and citation models. For manuscripts prepared using Mendeley, the Elsevier Harvard (with Title) citation style must be applied.

Footnotes

The use of footnotes is not permitted. All references must be listed in the References section. Additional explanations or clarifications should, whenever possible, be incorporated directly into the main text.

Symbols, Units, and Numbers

If a nomenclature section is provided, all symbols and units must be listed in alphabetical order, together with their definitions and corresponding dimensions expressed in SI units. Authors are required to use the International System of Units (SI) wherever possible. In fields where alternative units are widely used, non-standard units or symbols should be minimized.

Non-standard abbreviations should be avoided. For example, “y” should be used for year instead of “a” (annum), “h” for hour instead of “hr”, and “t” instead of “ton” or “tonne”. Particular attention must be paid to the correct use of uppercase and lowercase letters in unit symbols, as they are case-sensitive (e.g., “Km” represents Kelvin–metres, not kilometres).

A space or non-breaking space must be inserted between numerical values and their units. This rule also applies to percentages and temperatures (e.g., 42 %, 35 %, 234 °C, 504 K). The unit for litre should be written using an uppercase “L”. Numerical values should follow international conventions, using a dot (.) as the decimal separator and a comma (,) as the thousands separator.

Equations

Authors must ensure that equations are placed and numbered consistently throughout the manuscript. Equations should be left-aligned, with the equation number positioned flush-right at the right margin using a right tab. Equations must be referenced in the text using the format “Eqn.” followed by the equation number (e.g., Eqn. 1); the use of the term “Equation” should be avoided. In general, all variables appearing in equations should be written in italic typeface.

2. Research Method

The Research Methods section must describe the procedures used to achieve the research objectives in a clear, concise, and reproducible manner. The methodology should outline the study area, data sources, and research design, including relevant geological settings and supporting references.

Field methods should be explained sufficiently, including sampling strategies, measurement techniques, and equipment used. The number of samples, sampling locations, and selection criteria must be clearly stated. Laboratory methods should describe sample preparation, analytical techniques, instrumentation, and relevant analytical standards or uncertainties. Established methods must be cited, and any modifications should be clearly justified.

Data processing and analysis procedures, including software, models, and statistical or interpretative approaches, should be clearly explained. All symbols and units must follow SI standards. Ethical considerations and permits, where applicable, should be stated. This section should focus solely on methods and should not include results or interpretations.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

The Results and Discussion section should present research findings clearly, systematically, and objectively, followed by a critical scientific interpretation. Results must be supported by appropriate data and presented in a logical sequence, while the discussion should explain the significance of the findings in relation to the research objectives, hypotheses, and existing geological knowledge.

Results should be derived directly from validated data and analyses. Authors are encouraged to use figures, tables, maps, stratigraphic columns, petrographic images, and geochemical plots where appropriate to support the findings. Each figure and table must be referenced in the text and discussed explicitly; figures or tables should not be included without adequate explanation. Redundant presentation of the same data in both tables and figures should be avoided.

The discussion should go beyond a descriptive summary of results and focus on interpretation, comparison, and implication. Authors should relate their findings to previous studies, regional or global geological frameworks, and relevant theoretical models. Agreements or discrepancies with earlier work must be clearly identified and scientifically justified. Where applicable, the geological significance of the results—such as implications for tectonic setting, stratigraphic evolution, petrogenesis, mineralization, or resource potential—should be emphasized.

Quantitative results should be presented with appropriate units and uncertainty estimates where relevant. Statistical analyses, model outputs, and derived parameters must be adequately explained to ensure reproducibility. Assumptions and limitations inherent in the data or methods should be acknowledged and discussed in a balanced manner.

Subsections within the Results and Discussion may be used to improve clarity; however, excessive fragmentation should be avoided. All interpretations must be supported by evidence presented in the Results or by well-established references. Speculative interpretations should be clearly identified as such and kept to a minimum.

The Results and Discussion section should be written concisely and in a scientific tone, avoiding repetition of information presented in the Introduction or Methods sections. The section should contribute directly to answering the research questions and demonstrate the novelty and scientific contribution of the study within the field of geology.

CONCLUSION

These Author Guidelines are intended to ensure consistency, clarity, and high scientific standards in manuscripts submitted to the  Applied Geology And Geoscience. Authors are required to strictly follow the prescribed template, formatting rules, and manuscript structure in order to facilitate an efficient peer-review and publication process. Compliance with these guidelines will significantly improve the readability, reproducibility, and overall quality of published articles.

Manuscripts must present original, well-documented research that is methodologically sound and scientifically relevant to the fields of geology, natural resources, and applied geosciences. Authors are expected to use clear and precise scientific language, apply internationally recognized standards for units, symbols, equations, and references, and avoid excessive citations, self-citations, or regionally biased referencing practices. The consistent use of SI units, standardized nomenclature, and appropriate citation styles is essential to maintain international accessibility and academic integrity.

By adhering to these guidelines, authors contribute to the journal’s commitment to publishing high-quality, ethically sound, and globally relevant geoscientific research. Submissions that do not conform to the stated requirements may be returned for revision prior to peer review. Authors are therefore strongly encouraged to carefully review these instructions before submission to ensure a smooth editorial process and timely publication.

Acknowledgements

The Acknowledgements section is optional and should be placed after the main text and before the references. It may be used to recognize individuals, institutions, or funding agencies that contributed to the research but do not qualify for authorship.

Authors should clearly state sources of financial support, including funding bodies and grant numbers. Technical, field, laboratory, or data-related assistance may also be acknowledged with permission. The section should remain concise and factual, avoiding personal remarks or implications of endorsement. Any potential conflicts of interest related to funding or institutional support must be disclosed in accordance with the journal’s ethical standards. 

References

All references must follow the APA 7th Edition citation style and include only sources cited in the text. Every in-text citation must correspond to an entry in the reference list, and vice versa. Authors are responsible for ensuring the accuracy and completeness of all references.

References should be listed alphabetically by the surname of the first author. The reference list must include full bibliographic information, including author(s), year of publication, title, source (journal/book/publisher), volume, issue, page range, and DOI or URL where available. Journal titles should be written in italic and in full (not abbreviated).

Authors are encouraged to use reference management software such as EndNote, Mendeley, or Zotero to ensure consistency and reduce formatting errors. The use of DOIs is strongly recommended for all references where applicable, presented in URL format (https://doi.org/xxxxx).