Physic, Chemical, Mechanic and Thermal Characterization of Cellulose Fiber From Balinese Pandan as Polymer Composites Reinfocement

Karakteristik Fisik, Kimia, Mekanik dan Thermal Dari Serat Selulosa Pandan Bali Sebagai Penguat Komposit Polimer

Abstract

Natural fibers as reinforcements for biocomposites continue to be investigated from various sources that are beneficial to both humans and the environment. This study aims to investigate the characteristics of Cordyline australis fibers, or Balinese pandan fibers (CAf)—which are sustainable and eco-friendly—following treatment with a NaOH solution for use as reinforcements in polymer composites. Bali pandan leaves were soaked for 7–10 days until decomposition occurred and then combed with a steel comb to remove the fiber pulp. The Bali pandan fibers (CAf) were then soaked in a 5% (wt/v) NaOH solution for 2 hours and thoroughly washed until the pH reached neutral. The characteristics of raw CAf and 5% (wt/v) NaOH-treated CAf include physical, mechanical, chemical, and thermal properties. The findings of the investigation show that the tensile strength of CAf increased from 436.15 ± 35.5 MPa to 848.15 ± 57.46 MPa after treatment with 5% (wt/v) NaOH. The surface roughness of CAf reached 2.35 µm following treatment with 5% NaOH (wt/v) due to the dissolution of amorphous compounds and erosion of the wax layer. The thermal stability of CAf reached 700 °C with a char decomposition rate of 28.29%. These findings offer a new and renewable fiber option for use as a composite reinforcement.