Author Guidelines
AUTHOR GUIDELINES
1. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Biology and Microbiology (JAPBM) publishes original research articles, review articles, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and short communications in pharmaceutical biology, pharmaceutical microbiology, medicinal plants, natural products, bioactive compounds, microbial biotechnology, antimicrobial agents, antimicrobial resistance, microbial quality control, and related pharmaceutical sciences.
Manuscripts must:
1. Be original and relevant to the Focus and Scope of JAPBM.
2. Be written in clear academic English.
3. Not have been formally published or simultaneously submitted to another journal.
4. Follow the current JAPBM manuscript template and these Author Guidelines.
5. Be submitted in an editable Microsoft Word DOC or DOCX format.
6. Be prepared for double-blind peer review.
7. Comply with applicable research and publication ethics.
All manuscripts undergo initial editorial screening, similarity checking, and double-blind peer review by at least two independent reviewers. Submission does not guarantee acceptance.
2. ARTICLE TYPES
A. Original Research Article
An Original Research Article reports novel experimental, laboratory, computational, field, or applied research. The recommended length is not more than 6,000 words, excluding the abstract, tables, figure captions, declarations, and references.
The manuscript should contain:
Title
Abstract
Keywords
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Results
Discussion
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Funding Statement
Ethical Approval
Conflict of Interest
Data Availability Statement
References
Results and Discussion may be combined when scientifically appropriate.
B. Review Article
A Review Article provides a critical and comprehensive synthesis of current knowledge and identifies research gaps or future directions. The recommended length is not more than 8,000 words, excluding the abstract, tables, figures, declarations, and references.
The manuscript should explain the objective, scope, literature sources, selection approach, critical analysis, conclusions, limitations, and future research directions.
C. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Systematic reviews and meta-analyses must describe a reproducible search and study-selection method. Authors should report the databases searched, search dates, eligibility criteria, screening process, quality or risk-of-bias assessment, data synthesis, and registration number where applicable.
The manuscript should follow an appropriate reporting guideline, such as PRISMA, and include a completed checklist and flow diagram as supplementary files.
D. Short Communication
A Short Communication presents concise and significant preliminary findings, methodological developments, or novel scientific observations. The recommended length is not more than 3,000 words, with a limited number of tables, figures, and references.
3. MANUSCRIPT FORMAT
The manuscript should be prepared using the current JAPBM template with the following general format:
Paper size: A4
Margins: 2.5 cm on all sides
Font: Times New Roman, 12 point
Line spacing: 1.5
Page numbers: Continuous
File format: Microsoft Word DOC or DOCX
Language: English
Use continuous line numbering when available. Avoid unnecessary footnotes, decorative formatting, and manual spacing.
4. TITLE
The title should be concise, informative, specific, and preferably not more than 20 words. Avoid uncommon abbreviations, formulas, and unnecessary geographical details unless they are essential to the study.
5. ABSTRACT
The abstract should contain approximately 200–250 words.
For original research articles, the abstract should clearly summarize:
Background or objective
Methods
Principal results
Conclusion
The abstract must be understandable without reference to the main text. Do not include citations, unexplained abbreviations, tables, or figures in the abstract.
6. KEYWORDS
Provide 3–6 keywords in English. Keywords should represent the main concepts of the study, use specific scientific terms, and should not merely repeat words already used in the title.
7. DOUBLE-BLIND REVIEW REQUIREMENTS
The manuscript file must not contain information that identifies the authors. Authors must remove:
Names and academic titles
Institutional affiliations
Email addresses
ORCID iDs
Acknowledgments
Author contribution statements containing names
Funding information that directly identifies the research group
Self-identifying statements
Personal information in document properties
Complete author information must be entered accurately in the OJS metadata. Information removed for review will be restored after the manuscript is accepted.
8. AUTHORSHIP AND CONTRIBUTORSHIP
Authorship should be limited to individuals who have made substantial intellectual contributions to the study, participated in drafting or critically revising the manuscript, approved the final version, and agreed to be accountable for the work.
The corresponding author must ensure that:
All authors meet the authorship requirements.
All authors have approved the submitted manuscript.
The author order has been approved by all authors.
No eligible contributor has been omitted.
No guest, gift, or ghost author has been included.
Authors should provide a contribution statement using the CRediT roles where applicable. Contributors who do not meet the authorship requirements should be acknowledged with their permission.
9. AUTHOR INFORMATION
The following information must be entered for every author in the OJS metadata:
Full name
Institutional affiliation
Department or study program
City and country
Active email address
ORCID iD, where available
Author contribution
Corresponding-author status
The sequence of authors in OJS must be identical to the sequence in the final manuscript.
10. INTRODUCTION
The Introduction should provide sufficient scientific background, identify the research problem or knowledge gap, explain the significance of the study, and state the objective or hypothesis. Avoid an unnecessarily extensive literature review.
11. MATERIALS AND METHODS
The methods must be described with sufficient detail to allow replication. Include, where applicable:
Study design
Study location and period
Materials, organisms, samples, or participants
Sampling procedures
Inclusion and exclusion criteria
Instrument and equipment specifications
Manufacturer and country
Chemical and reagent grades
Experimental procedures
Controls and replicates
Identification or authentication methods
Statistical analysis
Ethical approval and permit information
Established methods should be cited. Modifications to existing methods must be explained clearly.
For biological organisms, provide scientifically valid identification information, including voucher specimen, strain, accession, culture collection, or other traceable identifiers where applicable.
12. SCIENTIFIC NAMES AND TERMINOLOGY
Scientific names of genera and species must be italicized. Write the full scientific name at first mention, followed by the abbreviated genus name in subsequent mentions where unambiguous.
Microorganism names should follow accepted taxonomic nomenclature. Use standard pharmaceutical, microbiological, biochemical, and molecular terminology. Define each non-standard abbreviation at first use.
13. UNITS AND NUMBERS
Use the International System of Units. Insert a space between a numerical value and its unit, except for percentage and angular symbols where conventional.
Report concentrations, temperatures, incubation periods, doses, sample sizes, and statistical values accurately and consistently.
14. RESULTS
Present the findings clearly and logically without unnecessary repetition. Do not repeat all numerical values from tables or figures in the text. Report appropriate measures of variation, effect estimates, confidence intervals, and exact p-values where applicable.
Raw data should not be presented as interpretation. Interpretation and comparison with previous studies should be placed in the Discussion.
15. DISCUSSION
The Discussion should interpret the main findings, explain their scientific significance, compare them with relevant previous research, discuss possible mechanisms, and state the strengths and limitations of the study.
Avoid repeating the Results section or making conclusions that are not supported by the data.
16. CONCLUSION
The Conclusion should answer the research objective and summarize the main scientific contribution. It should be concise and based directly on the findings. Recommendations may be included when supported by the study.
17. TABLES
Tables must:
Be numbered consecutively using Arabic numerals.
Have a concise and informative title.
Be cited in numerical order in the text.
Use editable table format rather than images.
Contain explanatory notes below the table where necessary.
Define all abbreviations in the table notes.
Avoid duplicating information presented in figures or text.
18. FIGURES AND IMAGES
Figures must be numbered consecutively and cited in the text. Provide a clear caption for each figure.
Figures, photographs, microscopy images, chromatograms, spectra, chemical structures, and graphs must have sufficient resolution and remain legible after resizing. High-resolution files may be uploaded separately as Image/Figure components.
Any digital image adjustment must apply to the entire image and must not alter, obscure, remove, or fabricate scientific information. Composite images should clearly indicate boundaries between panels.
19. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
Describe the statistical software, version, statistical tests, significance level, assumptions, number of replicates, and method used to handle missing or excluded data.
Differentiate biological replicates from technical replicates. Report exact p-values where practical and avoid using statistical significance as the only basis for scientific interpretation.
20. RESEARCH ETHICS
Research involving human participants, identifiable human data, animals, or regulated biological materials must comply with applicable ethical and legal requirements.
Authors must state:
The name of the ethics committee.
The approval or exemption number.
The date of approval, where applicable.
The informed-consent procedure.
Relevant collection, access, transfer, or research permits.
Identifiable participant information must not be published without valid written consent.
21. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION
Clinical trials must be registered in a recognized public trial registry before participant enrollment, where required. The registry name and registration number must be stated in the abstract and Methods section.
22. CONFLICT OF INTEREST
All authors must disclose financial and non-financial relationships that could influence, or reasonably be perceived to influence, the research.
Use one of the following statements:
“The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.”
or
“The authors declare the following potential conflicts of interest: [provide details].”
23. FUNDING
Identify all sources of financial and institutional support, including the funder name and grant or contract number where applicable. Explain the funder’s role in study design, data collection, analysis, interpretation, manuscript preparation, or the decision to publish.
When no specific funding was received, state:
“This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.”
24. AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS
Provide a clear statement describing each author’s contribution. The CRediT taxonomy may be used, including:
Conceptualization
Methodology
Investigation
Data curation
Formal analysis
Validation
Visualization
Writing—original draft
Writing—review and editing
Supervision
Project administration
Funding acquisition
25. DATA AVAILABILITY
Include a Data Availability Statement describing where and under what conditions the supporting data can be accessed.
Examples:
“The data supporting the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.”
“The data supporting this study are available in [repository name] at [persistent identifier].”
“All relevant data are included in the article and its supplementary files.”
Restrictions based on ethics, privacy, confidentiality, or legal requirements must be explained.
26. USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TOOLS
Artificial intelligence tools cannot be listed as authors because they cannot assume responsibility or accountability for a published work.
Authors remain fully responsible for the accuracy, originality, integrity, citations, and confidentiality of all manuscript content. Any substantive use of generative artificial intelligence in manuscript preparation, data processing, image generation, analysis, or translation must be disclosed transparently in the Methods or Acknowledgments section.
Artificial intelligence tools must not be used to fabricate data, citations, images, or results. Authors must independently verify all AI-assisted content and references.
27. REFERENCES
JAPBM uses the Vancouver numbered reference style.
References must:
Be numbered consecutively in the order first cited in the text.
Use Arabic numerals in square brackets.
Use the same number for repeated citations of the same source.
Include DOI numbers as active identifiers where available.
Include stable URLs and access dates for appropriate online resources.
Be accurate and traceable to the original source.
Prefer relevant, current, and primary scientific literature.
Each reference should be entered on a separate line in the OJS References metadata field and must be identical to the reference list in the manuscript.
Examples:
Journal article:
Author AA, Author BB, Author CC. Title of the article. Abbreviated Journal Title. Year;volume(issue):page–page. doi:xx.xxxx/xxxxx.
Journal article with article number:
Author AA, Author BB. Title of the article. Journal Title. Year;volume:article number. doi:xx.xxxx/xxxxx.
Book:
Author AA. Title of the Book. Edition. City: Publisher; Year.
Book chapter:
Author AA. Title of chapter. In: Editor AA, Editor BB, editors. Title of Book. Edition. City: Publisher; Year. p. xx–xx.
Website:
Organization or Author. Title of page. Year [cited Year Month Day]. Available from: URL.
28. SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIALS
Supplementary materials may include additional methods, tables, figures, data sets, research instruments, calculation files, multimedia, reporting checklists, and ethical documents.
Supplementary files must be clearly named, cited in the manuscript where appropriate, and must not contain unnecessary personal or confidential information.
29. PLAGIARISM AND RESEARCH INTEGRITY
Submissions may be screened using similarity-detection software. Editorial decisions are based on the nature and context of overlapping text, not solely on a numerical similarity percentage.
JAPBM does not tolerate plagiarism, fabrication, falsification, duplicate publication, inappropriate image manipulation, citation manipulation, or other forms of research misconduct.
30. REVISION
When submitting a revised manuscript, authors must upload:
A clean revised manuscript.
A marked or tracked-changes version when requested.
A detailed point-by-point response to every reviewer and editor comment.
Each response should explain the change made and identify the relevant page, paragraph, or line. When a recommendation is not followed, provide a clear scientific justification.
31. PROOFREADING AND FINAL APPROVAL
The corresponding author is responsible for reviewing the final proof. Only minor corrections may be made at the proofreading stage. Major changes to authorship, data, analysis, or conclusions are not normally permitted after acceptance without editorial approval.
32. SUBMISSION
Authors must register and log in to the JAPBM website to submit a manuscript. Complete all required metadata carefully and upload the manuscript under the appropriate file component.
Before submission, authors should ensure that the manuscript, metadata, supporting documents, and Submission Preparation Checklist are complete and consistent./
PEDOMAN PENULIS
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Biology and Microbiology (JAPBM) menerima artikel penelitian asli, artikel tinjauan, tinjauan sistematis, meta-analisis, dan komunikasi singkat dalam bidang biologi farmasi, mikrobiologi farmasi, tanaman obat, bahan alam, senyawa bioaktif, bioteknologi mikroba, agen dan resistansi antimikroba, pengawasan mutu mikrobiologi, serta bidang kefarmasian terkait.
Naskah harus bersifat asli, sesuai dengan Fokus dan Ruang Lingkup JAPBM, ditulis dalam bahasa Inggris akademik, menggunakan templat JAPBM terbaru, dan dikirim dalam format Microsoft Word DOC atau DOCX. Naskah tidak boleh pernah diterbitkan secara formal atau sedang dipertimbangkan oleh jurnal lain.
Semua naskah akan melalui pemeriksaan awal oleh editor, pemeriksaan kemiripan, dan penelaahan sejawat tertutup ganda oleh sekurang-kurangnya dua mitra bestari independen.
JENIS ARTIKEL
1. Original Research Article: paling banyak 6.000 kata, tidak termasuk abstrak, tabel, keterangan gambar, deklarasi, dan referensi.
2. Review Article: paling banyak 8.000 kata dan harus memberikan analisis kritis serta arah penelitian selanjutnya.
3. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: harus memuat metode pencarian dan seleksi studi yang dapat direplikasi serta mengikuti pedoman pelaporan yang sesuai.
4. Short Communication: paling banyak 3.000 kata dan menyajikan temuan ringkas tetapi memiliki nilai ilmiah yang penting.
FORMAT UTAMA
Ukuran kertas: A4
Margin: 2,5 cm
Huruf: Times New Roman, 12 poin
Spasi: 1,5
Bahasa naskah: Inggris
Format berkas: DOC atau DOCX
Kata kunci: 3–6 istilah
Abstrak: sekitar 200–250 kata
Gaya referensi: Vancouver bernomor
NASKAH ANONIM
Berkas naskah harus disiapkan untuk double-blind peer review. Nama penulis, afiliasi, email, ORCID, ucapan terima kasih, kontribusi penulis yang memuat nama, serta informasi lain yang dapat mengungkap identitas harus dihapus dari naskah dan properti berkas. Identitas lengkap penulis dimasukkan melalui metadata OJS.
STRUKTUR ARTIKEL PENELITIAN
Judul
Abstrak
Kata kunci
Pendahuluan
Bahan dan Metode
Hasil
Pembahasan
Kesimpulan
Ucapan Terima Kasih
Kontribusi Penulis
Pendanaan
Persetujuan Etik
Konflik Kepentingan
Ketersediaan Data
Daftar Pustaka
ETIKA DAN INTEGRITAS
Penelitian yang melibatkan manusia, hewan, data manusia yang dapat diidentifikasi, atau bahan biologis yang diatur harus memperoleh persetujuan etik dan izin yang relevan. Nama komite etik serta nomor persetujuan harus dicantumkan.
Penulis harus mengungkapkan seluruh sumber pendanaan dan potensi konflik kepentingan. JAPBM tidak menerima plagiarisme, fabrikasi, falsifikasi, publikasi ganda, manipulasi gambar yang tidak dapat dipertanggungjawabkan, atau pelanggaran integritas penelitian lainnya.
PENGGUNAAN KECERDASAN ARTIFISIAL
Perangkat kecerdasan artifisial tidak dapat dicantumkan sebagai penulis. Penulis tetap bertanggung jawab sepenuhnya atas akurasi, orisinalitas, integritas, referensi, dan kerahasiaan naskah. Penggunaan AI generatif yang bersifat substantif harus diungkapkan secara transparan.
REFERENSI
JAPBM menggunakan gaya Vancouver. Referensi diberi nomor berdasarkan urutan pertama kali dikutip dan ditulis menggunakan angka Arab dalam kurung siku. DOI harus dicantumkan apabila tersedia. Setiap referensi dimasukkan pada baris terpisah dalam metadata OJS dan harus sama dengan daftar pustaka dalam naskah.
PENGIRIMAN REVISI
Naskah revisi harus disertai:
1. Naskah bersih hasil revisi.
2. Naskah dengan penanda perubahan apabila diminta.
3. Jawaban terperinci terhadap setiap komentar editor dan reviewer.
Penulis wajib memastikan bahwa seluruh metadata, naskah, dokumen etik, berkas pendukung, kata kunci, pendanaan, serta referensi telah diisi secara lengkap sebelum menyelesaikan pengiriman.
Copyright Notice
COPYRIGHT NOTICE
By submitting a manuscript to the Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Biology and Microbiology (JAPBM), the authors acknowledge and agree to the following terms:
1. Copyright Ownership
Copyright in the published article remains with the author or authors. The authors do not transfer ownership of copyright to JAPBM, the Faculty of Health Sciences, or Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram.
2. Right of First Publication
The authors grant JAPBM the non-exclusive right of first publication and authorize the journal to publish, reproduce, distribute, display, communicate, archive, preserve, index, and make the article publicly available in electronic or other formats.
3. Open-Access License
Upon publication, the article will be distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0):
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Under this license, users may copy, distribute, display, communicate, adapt, transform, and build upon the published work for any purpose, including commercial purposes, provided that they:
Give appropriate credit to the author or authors and JAPBM.
Provide a link to the license.
Indicate whether changes were made.
Do not imply endorsement by the authors or JAPBM.
Do not impose legal or technological restrictions that prevent uses permitted by the license.
4. Author Warranties
The authors warrant that:
The manuscript is original and does not unlawfully infringe the copyright, privacy, confidentiality, moral rights, or other rights of any third party.
The authors have obtained written permission for all copyrighted tables, figures, photographs, instruments, data, or other third-party materials included in the manuscript.
All authors have reviewed and approved the submitted manuscript.
The corresponding author has authority to submit the manuscript and agree to these terms on behalf of all authors.
The authors have disclosed any prior publication, preprint, repository deposit, conference presentation, or related version of the work.
5. Third-Party Material
Material reproduced from another source may be excluded from the CC BY 4.0 license when indicated in the relevant credit line. Users are responsible for obtaining permission from the copyright holder before reusing material that is not covered by the article’s open-access license.
6. Author Self-Archiving
Authors may deposit and distribute the submitted manuscript, accepted manuscript, and published version in personal websites, institutional repositories, subject repositories, teaching platforms, or other scholarly networks, provided that the published version is properly cited and the JAPBM publication record is acknowledged.
7. Metadata and Indexing
The authors authorize JAPBM to distribute article metadata to indexing services, repositories, libraries, DOI registration agencies, scholarly databases, preservation services, and other systems that support discovery, citation, archiving, and dissemination.
8. Author Responsibility
The authors remain responsible for the accuracy, integrity, legality, ethical compliance, and originality of the article. Publication by JAPBM does not remove or reduce the authors’ responsibility for the published content.
9. Corrections and Publication-Ethics Actions
The authors acknowledge that JAPBM may publish corrections, expressions of concern, retractions, or other notices when necessary in accordance with the journal’s publication-ethics policies.
By completing the submission process, the submitting author confirms that all authors have read, understood, and accepted this Copyright Notice./
PEMBERITAHUAN HAK CIPTA
Dengan mengirimkan naskah ke Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Biology and Microbiology (JAPBM), penulis menyatakan dan menyetujui ketentuan berikut:
1. Hak cipta atas artikel yang diterbitkan tetap dimiliki oleh penulis. Penulis tidak mengalihkan kepemilikan hak cipta kepada JAPBM, Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan, atau Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram.
2. Penulis memberikan kepada JAPBM hak non-eksklusif untuk menerbitkan karya tersebut untuk pertama kali serta mengizinkan jurnal untuk menerbitkan, memperbanyak, mendistribusikan, menampilkan, mengomunikasikan, mengarsipkan, melestarikan, mengindeks, dan menyediakan artikel kepada publik dalam format elektronik maupun format lainnya.
3. Artikel yang diterbitkan akan didistribusikan berdasarkan Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License atau CC BY 4.0:
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Lisensi tersebut mengizinkan pengguna menyalin, mendistribusikan, menampilkan, mengadaptasi, dan mengembangkan karya untuk tujuan apa pun, termasuk tujuan komersial, dengan ketentuan pengguna memberikan atribusi yang sesuai, mencantumkan tautan lisensi, dan menjelaskan apabila terdapat perubahan.
4. Penulis menjamin bahwa naskah bersifat asli, tidak melanggar hak pihak lain, dan seluruh bahan berhak cipta dari pihak ketiga telah memperoleh izin penggunaan yang diperlukan.
5. Penulis menjamin bahwa seluruh penulis telah membaca dan menyetujui naskah serta memberikan kewenangan kepada penulis korespondensi untuk melakukan pengiriman dan menyetujui ketentuan ini.
6. Materi milik pihak ketiga dapat dikecualikan dari lisensi CC BY 4.0 apabila dinyatakan pada keterangan kredit. Pengguna bertanggung jawab memperoleh izin sebelum menggunakan kembali materi yang tidak termasuk dalam lisensi artikel.
7. Penulis dapat menyimpan dan menyebarluaskan versi naskah yang dikirim, naskah yang diterima, maupun versi terbitan pada situs pribadi, repositori institusi, repositori bidang ilmu, atau jejaring ilmiah dengan tetap mencantumkan sitasi terbitan JAPBM secara benar.
8. Penulis mengizinkan JAPBM menyebarluaskan metadata artikel kepada lembaga pengindeks, repositori, perpustakaan, lembaga registrasi DOI, basis data ilmiah, dan layanan preservasi.
9. Penulis tetap bertanggung jawab atas akurasi, integritas, legalitas, kepatuhan etik, dan orisinalitas artikel.
Dengan menyelesaikan proses pengiriman, penulis yang melakukan pengiriman menyatakan bahwa seluruh penulis telah membaca, memahami, dan menyetujui Pemberitahuan Hak Cipta ini.
